Scuba diving equipment has evolved to become sophisticated, incredibly safe, reliable and high performance. There’s a massive range of options and features available, to allow scuba diving in any environment.

To familiarize you with how a set of scuba diving gear works, we’ll run you through a basic set, and discuss what options and features would be suitable for warm water Koh Tao diving.

Firstly we need somewhere to store the air which we’ll be breathing whilst underwater. Scuba cylinders or tanks) come in a range of sizes and materials. Scuba diving Koh Tao we opt for aluminum cylinders, which are resistant to the corrosive salty ocean conditions, compressing air into 12 litre cylinders at two hundred time normal atmospheric pressure (200 bar). That volume of air allows an average diver to dive for about 45 minutes at normal recreational depths, (factoring in a safety margin).

This is the bit which attaches to the valve of the scuba cylinder. Since the air inside the cylinder is at two hundred times normal pressure, we need to reduce that pressure down to make it breathable. This is the job of the regulator first stage. Most first stages reduce down the pressure to about ten bar above ambient water pressure (called the intermediate pressure), which is then fed down to the ….

This is the bit that you put in your mouth and breathe from. The second stage contains a large diaphragm which the surrounding water pressure pushes on. What that does is adjust the intermediate pressure (delivered from the first stage) to exactly the same pressure as the surrounding water. The result is that when you breathe in, a valve opens and allows air to flow freely. When you stop breathing in or exhale, the valve remains closed allowing you to conserve your air supply.

In case your buddy has an equipment problem, you also have a alternate second stage attached to your first stage, which means in the event of an emergency your buddy can also breathe from your cylinder. This is one of the reasons why it’s always a good idea to stick with a buddy when scuba diving.

Obviously we need a way of keeping the cumbersome cylinder attached to us, so the BCD is a robust jacket which allows you to strap the cylinder to your back. The BCD also has a second important function. You can adjust the amount of air inside the jacket so that you hover motionlessly in mid water and control your position underwater. Whilst at the surface you can inflate the BCD to avoid swimming to stay afloat, and save energy.

Your body looses heat about twenty times faster in water than air, so you’ll need to wear some kind of exposure protection to keep warm. The good news is, Koh Tao diving has very warm water – usually about 30C. That means during the Padi open water course we usually wear a 2.5mm neoprene ‘shorty’ wetsuit , which keeps us comfortable during the dives.

The bad news is that neoprene is buoyant (as is body fat),  so to be able to descend underwater we have to carry some lead weights. The easiest way to do this (adopted by most Koh Tao dive schools) is to attach the lead to a weight belt which you secure around your waist prior to each dive.

Your eyes can’t focus in water, so you need to wear a mask to be able to see when diving. If you have a little spare cash and plan to invest in piece of scuba diving gear of your own, make sure you buy a mask. A good diving mask makes all the difference to your Koh Tao diving experience – if you can see properly you’ll have a much better time!

With all this gear, it becomes a bit tricky getting around underwater. To make life easier we wear large, rigid diving fins which take all the effort out of swimming, allowing us to maintain our air supply and explore the Koh Tao dive sites with ease.

For more info, visit the Simple Life website [http://www.simplelifedivers.com], and don’t miss part two of our series of lessons from the Koh Tao Padi open water course, where we examine some realities and myths of dangerous aquatic life!

 

Equipment to Ensure Smooth Sailing



A yacht is a sophisticated vessel and requires a large amount of equipment to function. While many of things come standard on any size yacht, some may need to be brought along with you or checked that they are indeed already in place.

 

Registration Papers and all documentation pertaining to the yacht must be kept on board.

Anchors are essential on board a yacht. Should you find the perfect idyllic spot to stop and go snorkelling, swimming or scuba diving, an anchor is the only way to ensure that your yacht won’t have drifted away by the time you return.

Boat Hooks protect you from injury during the docking process.

Mooring Lines are used during the docking process, which is often the trickiest part of a journey. Relying on equipment to hold the yacht steady and bring her into dock is much safer and more reliable than your arms and legs.

Navigation Lights are usually a federal requirement on board any yacht, particularly on those that are motorised. Their use is mandatory after dark.

A Bilge Pump or any other type of de-watering device is used in the event of the yacht beginning to take on water.

A Basic Tool Kit can come in handy when you need to fix that broken light bulb or squeaky galley drawer. It is useful to keep a torch and spare batteries in here too.



Yachting Safety Equipment



It is also essential that you and your passengers are safe on board your yacht at all times. A yachting holiday is an incredible experience whether you are in the Caribbean, the Mediterranean or South East Asia, and no one wants it to be marred by a little sunburn. Being prepared is the only way to ensure that everyone enjoys their time on board and that any potential setbacks can be avoided.

 

First Aid Kits should always be on hand so that minor incidents such as cuts and bruises can be dealt with on board and do not have to force a trip to the mainland. Every first aid kit should also include sunscreen and after-sun ointment for a soothing end to a languid day in the sunshine.

A Marine Radio is essential on board any vessel and acts as your primary connection to the mainland. Make sure that at least two people on board know how to use it and can radio out if the need arises.

A Chart and Compass or GPS is useful if you intend to sail far off shore. Heading out without a clear idea of where you are going is never a good plan. Having someone on board who can read a compass and chart a course should be a requirement.

A Throwable Flotation Device or a life ring acts as a life saving device should anyone fall overboard and should be kept in an easily accessible place on deck.

A Fire Extinguisher is a requirement on any vessel and larger yachts may be required to carry more than one. Ensure that your fire extinguisher is Coast Guard approved and keep it in the vicinity of the engine or fuel tank.

A Horn or Whistle is legally required to be carried on board any yacht sailing in federal waters.

Visual Distress Signals are necessary on both day and night voyages and should be within their expiration date.



Yachting Equipment for You



Once your yacht is fully equipped and you are confident that you have whatever would be needed in an emergency, the next step is to make sure that you are also prepared.

 

Drinking Water should be kept in a safe place as an emergency supply.

Snacks that are high in protein and are non-perishable will be a lifesaver should you be away from land perusing some spectacular coral reefs for an extended period of time.

Hats and Sun screen are a non-negotiable necessity on board a yacht. No one wants to have to spend their yachting holiday below deck thanks to a scorching sunburn.

Life jackets are essential on board, especially if you intend to make use of water sports equipment like wind surfers or wave runners.

A Cell Phone can retain its signal at surprising distances out to sea. Keeping one on board can be handy to get in touch with loved ones or be reachable should anyone need you back home.

Warm Clothes are vital on board a yacht. Nights can get cold out on the open sea and you don’t want to shiver throughout your holiday. But this doesn’t mean that you should bring huge amounts of clothing. Space on a yacht is limited, so pack light with necessities over accessories.

Regular Medications are easy to forget and can make a yachting holiday unpleasant if you do not have them on hand.

A Camera is not exactly an essential, but with those breathtaking sunsets waiting for you, you will be sorry if you left yours behind.



Avoiding All the Equipment



If your dream of sailing off into the sunset, cocktail in hand now feels like it is drowning in admin and things to remember, there is another way to go. Heading out on a yacht charter means that all these details are sorted out for you well in advance and all that is left for you to do is step on board. Companies organise private yacht charters on vessels ranging in size from 20 ft to 150 ft. Consultants can help tailor your yachting itinerary to suit your needs, hire the right crew and even equip your yacht. From the docking papers to the chef, a Yacht Broker can ensure that your holiday is hassle-free and fully equipped with everything you could ever need on board. From safety equipment to entertainment features, Yachting Partners International ensures that all your needs are catered for and that all eventualities are accounted for.



 

 

The basics of snorkelling

snorkelling enables you to breathe with your face under the water, making it possible to really appreciate the beauty of underwater creatures and their habitat. It involves wearing a transparent mask over your eyes and nose, and breathing through a snorkel (a plastic or rubber tube) – it’s a strange sensation at first but most people quickly get used to it with a bit of practice.

You will also need to master the knack of clearing your mask and snorkel, as small amounts of water may splash in through the open end of the snorkel or leak into the mask. Both are easy to deal with, and some masks and snorkels come with built-in valves to make the process even easier.

When you learn to snorkel you will also learn to use snorkelling fins to propel yourself through the water. The fins increase your speed, enabling you to move faster, for longer, without getting as tired. The basic flutter kick is easy to learn.

What snorkelling equipment do you need to get started?When you first buy snorkelling equipment, the  essential gear includes: